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Cycling to work slashes risk of heart disease and cancer, major study finds

Five-year study looked at travel habits and health of more than 250,000 people across the UK

 

A study of more than a quarter of a million people across the UK has found that cycling to work slashes the risk of contracting heart disease and cancer. An editorial in the BMJ, which published the study, says its findings “are a clear call for political action on active commuting.”

Researchers from the University of Glasgow found that compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause.

But the results were even more startling when it came to cancer and heart disease, with cyclists respectively 45 per cent and 46 per cent less likely to die from those causes.

Benefits, albeit much less pronounced, were also found among people who walked to work, or who combined walking or cycling with public transport.

On average, participants who cycled to work rode 30 miles a week – but researchers found that the greater the weekly distance ridden, the higher the impact on health.

One of the academics involved in the study, Dr Jason Gill, told BBC News that while going to the gym to keep fit needs discipline, riding a bike to work becomes a more natural part of the daily routine.

"This is really clear evidence that people who commute in an active way, particularly by cycling, were at lower risk,” he said

"You need to get to work every day so if you built cycling into the day it essentially takes willpower out of the equation.

"What we really need to do is change our infrastructure to make it easier to cycle - we need bike lanes, to make it easier to put bikes on trains, showers at work."

The study is the largest ever undertaken into the issue, with 263,450 participants.

During the five-year period, 2,430 participants died, 496 of them from heart disease and 1,126 from cancer. In all, 3,748 people who took part in the study were diagnosed with cancer and 1,110 with heart disease.

While the methodology employed means researchers are unable to establish clear cause and effect, they said the benefits of cycle commuting were still apparent once results had been adjusted for issues such as diet, smoking, or the subject’s weight.

The findings tie in with previous research which has clearly established the health benefits of commuting by bike.

> Recreational and commuter cycling appear to reduce heart attack risk according to two recent studies

Commuting by bike has also been found to result in a happier - and more productive - workforce.

The way the study was carried out means it is not possible to determine a clear cause and effect.

However, the effect was still there even after adjusting the statistics to remove the effects of other potential explanations like smoking, diet or how heavy people are.

In an editorial in the BMJ related to the study, Professor Lars Bo Andersen of the Western Norwegian University of Applied Sciences in Bergen said: “The UK has neglected to build infrastructure to promote cycling for decades and the potential for improvements to increase cycling and the safety of cycling is huge.

“Cities such as Copenhagen have prioritised cycling by building bike lanes; tunnels for bikes, so cyclists do not need to pass heavy traffic; and bridges over the harbour to shorten travel time for pedestrians and cyclists. Today, no car or bus can travel faster than a bike through Copenhagen.”

He continued: “It will take decades to change commuter culture in the UK, but it is possible, and changes in commuter behaviour can occur quickly when active travel is seen as both safe and convenient.

“The findings from this study are a clear call for political action on active commuting, which has the potential to improve public health by preventing common (and costly) non-communicable diseases.

“A shift from car to more active modes of travel will also decrease traffic in congested city centres and help reduce air pollution, with further benefits for health,” Professor Andersen concluded.

 

 

http://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j1740

Simon joined road.cc as news editor in 2009 and is now the site’s community editor, acting as a link between the team producing the content and our readers. A law and languages graduate, published translator and former retail analyst, he has reported on issues as diverse as cycling-related court cases, anti-doping investigations, the latest developments in the bike industry and the sport’s biggest races. Now back in London full-time after 15 years living in Oxford and Cambridge, he loves cycling along the Thames but misses having his former riding buddy, Elodie the miniature schnauzer, in the basket in front of him.

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48 comments

Avatar
fretters replied to alansmurphy | 7 years ago
1 like

alansmurphy wrote:

Paul - that's easy "erratic cyclist not wearing helmet causes bus to crash"...

 

more like

"erratic road tax avoiding uninsured cyclist not wearing helmet or hi vis causes bus to crash by daring to cycle more than 3 mm from the kerb to avoid pothole he should have cycled through and acting like he owned the road " 

 

 

 

Avatar
HowardR replied to alansmurphy | 7 years ago
1 like

alansmurphy wrote:

Paul - that's easy "erratic cyclist not wearing helmet causes bus to crash"...

 

Or....."erotic cyclist not wearing helmet causes bus to crash"...

Avatar
flathunt | 7 years ago
1 like

So I'm 41% less likely to die of old age? Get this thing away from me!

Avatar
burtthebike replied to flathunt | 7 years ago
0 likes

flathunt wrote:

So I'm 41% less likely to die of old age? Get this thing away from me!

Nobody has ever died from "old age".  Regular cyclists live two years longer than average and suffer less from all forms of illness and have a better quality of life in old age.

I'm sorry, your point was?

Avatar
brooksby replied to burtthebike | 7 years ago
4 likes

burtthebike wrote:

Nobody has ever died from "old age". 

Unless they had this red crystal implanted in the palm of their hand.

Avatar
riotgibbon | 7 years ago
2 likes

I read this in a cafe in the Daily Mail:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4427142/Cycling-work-halves-risk...

see, they can do it if they try ...

Avatar
Canyon48 | 7 years ago
2 likes

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

Avatar
PaulBox replied to Canyon48 | 7 years ago
2 likes

wellsprop wrote:

 I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

For clarification, if a bus crashes in to a cyclist, is it a bus crash or a bicycle crash?

Avatar
Canyon48 replied to PaulBox | 7 years ago
1 like

PaulBox wrote:

wellsprop wrote:

 I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

For clarification, if a bus crashes in to a cyclist, is it a bus crash or a bicycle crash?

 

I imagine it depends on whether the cyclist is wearing a helmet or not  10

Avatar
ConcordeCX replied to Canyon48 | 7 years ago
3 likes

wellsprop wrote:

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

it means "41 per cent less likely to die.".

Ever.

Avatar
burtthebike replied to Canyon48 | 7 years ago
0 likes

wellsprop wrote:

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

Well, the BMA report "Cycling Towards Health and Safety" by Mayer Hillman published about thirty years ago, found that regular cyclists lived on average two years longer, and suffered less from all forms of illness.

Which bit of "any" didn't you understand?

Avatar
davel replied to burtthebike | 7 years ago
2 likes
burtthebike wrote:

wellsprop wrote:

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

Well, the BMA report "Cycling Towards Health and Safety" by Mayer Hillman published about thirty years ago, found that regular cyclists lived on average two years longer, and suffered less from all forms of illness.

Which bit of "any" didn't you understand?

I'm not sure that you've got such a great grasp of 'any' yourself. You appear to have equated 'all forms of illness' with 'all forms of death'.

You see, it is possible to die of other causes: a piano falling from a hoist during removal, or over-extension of one's neck due to not appreciating when to wind it in, say.

Avatar
FluffyKittenofT... replied to davel | 7 years ago
0 likes
davel wrote:
burtthebike wrote:

wellsprop wrote:

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

Well, the BMA report "Cycling Towards Health and Safety" by Mayer Hillman published about thirty years ago, found that regular cyclists lived on average two years longer, and suffered less from all forms of illness.

Which bit of "any" didn't you understand?

I'm not sure that you've got such a great grasp of 'any' yourself. You appear to have equated 'all forms of illness' with 'all forms of death'.

You see, it is possible to die of other causes: a piano falling from a hoist during removal, or over-extension of one's neck due to not appreciating when to wind it in, say.

I think the disagreement is because 'less likely to die from any cause' is an intrinsically ambiguous phrase. The English language isn't as precise as maths, I guess.

Does it mean every cause of death is individually less likely, or that the total likelihood of death (summed over all causes) is less? The two would be expressed differently in maths but come out the same in English.

It obviously is intended to mean the latter but a pedant could could interpret it as the former.

Avatar
Canyon48 replied to FluffyKittenofTindalos | 7 years ago
1 like

FluffyKittenofTindalos wrote:
davel wrote:
burtthebike wrote:

wellsprop wrote:

 "compared to people who commuted by car or on public transport, regular commuter cyclists were 41 per cent less likely to die from any cause"

I'm often dubious of statistics, more so the way they are worded when trying to prove a point, what exactly does "any" mean?

I'm fairly certain regular commuter cyclists are more likely to die in a bicycle crash than those who commute in motor vehicles.

Vice versa, I'm pretty certain bus passengers are more likely to die in a bus crash than someone who cycles to work.

 3

Well, the BMA report "Cycling Towards Health and Safety" by Mayer Hillman published about thirty years ago, found that regular cyclists lived on average two years longer, and suffered less from all forms of illness.

Which bit of "any" didn't you understand?

I'm not sure that you've got such a great grasp of 'any' yourself. You appear to have equated 'all forms of illness' with 'all forms of death'. You see, it is possible to die of other causes: a piano falling from a hoist during removal, or over-extension of one's neck due to not appreciating when to wind it in, say.

I think the disagreement is because 'less likely to die from any cause' is an intrinsically ambiguous phrase. The English language isn't as precise as maths, I guess. Does it mean every cause of death is individually less likely, or that the total likelihood of death (summed over all causes) is less? The two would be expressed differently in maths but come out the same in English. It obviously is intended to mean the latter but a pedant could could interpret it as the former.

Fluffy know's what I'm on about  10

Avatar
burtthebike replied to davel | 7 years ago
1 like

davel wrote:
burtthebike wrote:

Well, the BMA report "Cycling Towards Health and Safety" by Mayer Hillman published about thirty years ago, found that regular cyclists lived on average two years longer, and suffered less from all forms of illness.

Which bit of "any" didn't you understand?

I'm not sure that you've got such a great grasp of 'any' yourself. You appear to have equated 'all forms of illness' with 'all forms of death'. You see, it is possible to die of other causes: a piano falling from a hoist during removal, or over-extension of one's neck due to not appreciating when to wind it in, say.

Seems perfectly clear to me: regular cyclists live two years longer than average, that's one proven fact.  Another proven fact is that they suffer less from all forms of illness.  I haven't equated the two which are quite discrete and different.  Nowhere did I mention "all forms of death" you invented it.

I hope your neck gets better soon.

Avatar
Grahamd | 7 years ago
7 likes

The study looks far too small and over too short a period to be meaningful to any UK minister, for either health or transport to take seriously.

Avatar
tritecommentbot | 7 years ago
7 likes

Have to agree with Rich. This is all highly suspect.

Avatar
Rich_cb | 7 years ago
23 likes

Regular exercise is good for you?

I am shocked.

Shocked.

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