Is riding a bike on the road in the UK a “very safe activity”?
While the evidence of dangerous driving often featured on this very site would suggest otherwise, that’s the opinion of John Franklin, the author of cycling skills manual Cyclecraft, which forms the basis of Bikeability, the UK’s national standard for cycle training.
In the quick-fire Q&A section of the latest edition of Cycling UK’s magazine Cycle, Franklin was asked – among other things, such as ‘Who mends your punctures?’, ‘Lycra or normal clothes?’ – “what single thing would most improve matters for UK cyclists?”
“More self-confidence among cyclists and less exaggeration of ‘danger’,” he said. “Cycling on roads is actually a very safe activity.”
That answer, unsurprisingly, has divided cyclists on the internet, it appears.
> "Road safety remains the biggest barrier to more people cycling": Research suggests more than two thirds of Scots think not feeling safe is main barrier to cycling
“I was mulling on this as I rode home tonight while I avoided a pincer movement by one van blocking the cycle lane that I was in and another turning right in front of me,” Singletrack World forum user Mr Sparkle said in response to Franklin’s Q&A claim.
“Followed immediately by a car driver parked on wrong side of the road and so unsighted, pulling out on me. I’m 62 and been cycling since I was about seven. I ride pretty much five days a week year-round and have been doing so for years.
“I’d class myself as an experienced and confident road user (cyclist, full motorcycle and car licence etc, etc). I have lost count of the times over the years where I’ve come very close to being injured or worse through no fault of mine.
“I would argue that, while self-confidence (if you have the sense and experience to back it up), is great – I don’t see it as being the ‘single thing that would most improve matters for UK cyclists’.
“A massive cultural change where drivers are required to be tested more frequently and suffer greater punishment in court for road crimes that they have been found guilty of would be higher up the list.”
“It’s a bit like asking why the zookeeper insists on all the lions being locked away before going in to clean the enclosure and suggesting that if they just had a bit more self-confidence, they’d be fine,” agreed Crazy Legs.
“It’s a shitty attitude and one that is responsible for a significant failing in ever increasing the number of people cycling.”
> “Some drivers see safe cycling as a character flaw”: The fight for fewer close passes
However, not everyone believed the Cyclecraft author (who, of course, makes a strong case for riding in primary position in his guide) had missed the mark.
“I think I agree with him that the danger of cycling on the road is a bit over exaggerated, and in the sense that I think more cyclists on the roads = slightly safer for everyone, and that it doesn’t help to be putting people off riding,” said another forum user.
“But definitely agree with you that it’s way down the list of answers I’d give. Charitably, there’s not a lot of space for his answer and I guess the first part of his answer he’s wearing his Cyclecraft cap and advocating for more training.”
“He has a very good point,” argued Scot Routes. “Too many folk are put off by an exaggeration of the dangers (often on social media).
“The more cyclists there are, the more ‘usual’ it will be for motorists to see cyclists on the road and the better the infrastructure provision will become. The Field of Dreams approach (build it and they will come) has been only partially successful as it sends a message that shared infrastructure isn’t for cyclists.”
> "Justice needs to provide protection": Cyclist close passed by wife of ex-Scotland footballer, before filming driver use phone and run red light, criticises Scottish courts' "very obvious issues" after "ludicrously lenient" punishment
“I understand the sentiment but probably badly worded,” another user said.
“Confidence/assertiveness link to positioning on the road, and I found doing Bikeability a few years back that my positioning wasn’t as good as I thought it was. Getting that right and being more proactive on the road led to fewer close passes.
“And I think because we are aware of how vulnerable we are on the road, we overestimate the actual danger to us at an individual level. I know two people who’ve been killed while riding in 40 years. I know more who’ve died unexpectedly young from other causes.
“Cycling is relatively safe. I have no more concerns about my kids cycling on the road than I do of them driving now they’ve passed their tests.”
> The guilt, the danger and the dichotomy of being a cycling parent
Meanwhile, KCR said: “It’s a quick-fire format interview, and he was asked to pick one thing, so I wouldn’t read too much into it. I’m sure he would have more to say on the subject if he was interviewed at length.
“I think one of the things that would improve matters most would be to get more cyclists on the road (and I’m including cycling infrastructure when I say ‘road’).
“If more people were cycling, it would reduce the ‘othering’ of cyclists and make them an expected part of the transport system that motorists would be more likely to look out for.
“One of the things that deters many people from using a bike for transport is a lack of confidence and a perception that it really is a dangerous thing to do, so Franklin has a point.”
What do you think? Does Franklin have a point? Is self-confidence the key to being safe on the roads? Or is it way down the pecking order on the list of things that keep cyclists safe?
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17 comments
This was written over a decade ago, and still rings true today: https://departmentfortransport.wordpress.com/2012/06/28/fuck-you-john-fr...
Plus ça change...
Ranty Highwayman has similarly 'strong' views on Franklin
Yeah, saw the name and had a "great dinosaurs of the past" moment (more here, and the "grandad of the movement" here).
Seems the vehicular cycling ideology is still alive in the US (indeed seems oddly popular amongst ex-pat UK folks there also). There are reasons for that (US culture - not just "car culture" either). But these folks just sound antediluvian in the light of progress made for "nicer places" and "mass cycling" in Europe.
As always there are some elements of truth on both sides. The VC folks did promote some helpful "survival techniques" (like taking the lane) - helpful if you're taking on the traffic. And cycling is statistically a very safe mode of transport in the UK - which has one of the safer road environments overall (especially when compared to the US).
However I'd suggest there is still too much road death, injury and definitely too much intimidation (deliberate or just thoughtless) by motorised road users. What I think isn't so important though - one of the reasons (reported in many surveys) that most people in the UK do not cycle (and particularly women, the young and the old) is that "it doesn't look / feel safe".
There are plenty of other non-"whatabout" reasons for the low fraction of trips cycled. We've made it not social, inconvenient (or at least less so than driving), cyclists are an "out group", there's a lack of safe places to park or store a bike, we already have cars. But without addressing "it doesn't look / feels safe" most people simply won't cycle. That's not sufficient, but necessary.
But then - "most people cycling" doesn't seem to be a big concern of vehicular cyclists. Indeed it seems (at least for some) it is predicated on a kind of elitism - the fit and the brave asserting their individuality and agency by cycling despite inconvenience, disapproval and danger.
I'd consider myself a fairly confident cyclist, normally feel safe,even when ive had at least 5 drivers try to drive into me this week and 1 shout abuse, but there was a moment last week where I just thought any moment the next driver is just going to hit me, it felt really sketchy in an unsafe way I've not felt for a long while riding in traffic.
Fortunately I made it home in one piece, so there's no stat recorded about it, no ksi data anyone can cite,not even any close pass submissions(too detailed to explain why,its not because there werent any) ,but it felt as unsafe as expletive.
Stiffer penalties for dangerous drivers, and stiffer penalties for people who use the expression 'over exaggerated'.
'Be more confident' is not going to help if people's experience is that drivers make it feel unpleasant and dangerous.
The figures speak for themselves really. 2% modal share where no infra is provided, 30%+ in places where cycling is properly provided for.
Cycling is pretty safe in the UK if you look at it statistically in terms of KSI, however a lot of that is down to the fact that regular cyclists know how to ride defensively and watch out for bad driving; it's a very rare ride in London when there isn't at least one incident where I would probably have been hit if I hadn't anticipated that a driver was going to do something stupid and/or illegal. Cycling can only considered to be truly safe when you don't have to ride continually on edge. At the moment it's rather as if there was a high crime neighbourhood but the vast majority of residents had learned how to spot and avoid the criminals and modify their behaviour so they didn't become victims, rather than the authorities having done anything to strike at the root causes of the crime - great, it's a fairly safe area but only because everyone is living in fear.
Exactly - cyclists will receive lots of "almost" incidents on most journeys.
The answer has always been for better road policing and for the courts to apply appropriate penalties.
great, it's a fairly safe area but only because everyone is living in fear
Yes- I suffer from a perception of lack of safety daily, but the universally non-cyclist police (if they were ever called upon to explain their determination to take no action against drivers who offend against cyclists) would say "you're 72 and claim to both cycle every day and be in good health- the roads can't be that dangerous can they?". This one of the cases I sent to the informal Parliamentary inquiry
https://upride.cc/incident/ca70mkc_citroenvan_closepass/
It's the only one I have where I can demonstrate being 'inconvenienced', in the new police dodging phrase- I had to pull over because I was so shocked by the unexpected close pass at speed. The police ignored the offence, of course
The whole cycling-safty in the context of road cycling is a very complex issue, with many factors coming into play. Many of these factors have complex inter-relationships, so it's perhaps a poor approach to try to isolate them and to put them into some sort of hierarchy of importance for fixing one-by-one.
Consider the factors: driver attitudes to cyclists; mass media cycling opinion pieces; legal system responses to road crimes; life-circumstances of both drivers and cyclists. Altering any of these has fairly obvious effects on all the others.
For example, if drivers & cyclists were less stressed by their life circumstances the anti-cyclist pieces in the gutter press would have less appeal and therefore probably reduce, whislt driver and cyclist antagonistic behaviours would reduce so making road crimes less "usual" such that courts would take those that did occur more seriously.
One aspect emerging from recognising the interdependence of many factors in creating and maintaining "a situation" is that its probably a poor approach to either concentrate on fixing only one factor; and a poor approach to invent some sort of apartheid to prevent the mixing of the prime actors in such situations.
For example, proposing cycling infrastructure separate from roads, covering every route that cyclists could go without encountering cars, does nothing to fix widespread stressful socio-economic circumstances, gutter press yahooing, bad driving or an ineffective legal response to bad driving. And it would cost billions whilst doing even more damage to the biosphere.
That's a bit of a straw-man argument - I don't think anyone is proposing that.
Here we go...
Who's proposing that then?
This article is rather old now but should cover it. Not sure whether it's entirely fair to say you're attacking a straw man? There does seem to have been confusion over this. Certainly in the past cycling advocates did put lots of focus on trying to get some decent separate cycle infra *. That seems to have caused some people to conclude ** that this was the only thing that was being proposed and ergo it was a) entirely unrealistic and b) plain silly.
* I suspect because a) this was a very visible difference between high-cycling places (not just NL) and the UK, and b) it covers the "feels safe, and IS safe" requirements, and usually "is convenient" and "can be social". Of course this includes safer junction treatments of various kinds (better than "bike boxes") and "filtered permeability". Historically there has been less emphasis on also doing traffic calming-and-reduction - and especially making it less direct and ultimately less convenient for motorists. That's because in the UK people might grudgingly listen when you asked for better cycling, but if you proposed doing this at the expense of driving that would be a fight, and if you suggested actively reducing convenience for drivers as a goal nobody would listen to you further.
** Example is people wrestling with what this means in the comments to this article on why Milton Keynes isn't a cycling paradise. (Answer - because ultimately whether or not the cycling treatment was much good, it was made far easier to drive!)
Within towns & cities, where most people live, separating cyclists from through motor traffic is the obvious goal/solution, and where new cyclists are likely to be encouraged.
If/where cyclists are on the same road as motor vehicles, then driver behavior & policing is important. This will be the case for most cycling outside of towns & cities, and where assertive cycling helps.
With the number of collisions on motorways & cycle excluded tunnels etc, it's clear that driving behavior is poor, without cyclists or pedestrians involved!
I'd agree that one of the biggest barriers to widespread cycling adoption is the _perception_ of safety.
Of course it's a mostly accurate perception but still.
Cycling is relatively safe, I would be very interested in seeing how Jo Public's view of cycling KSIs compare to the actual prevalence of cycling KSIs.
The point is that it COULD and SHOULD be much safer, with a different attitude from the same Jo Public, and from local and national government, highways engineers, and the police.
(let me be clear, Franklin is part of the problem with his vehicular cycling nonsense)
Franklin is part of the problem with his vehicular cycling nonsense
I hadn't read that bit about his book and opinions, until you prompted me. One problem is that the benefits of increased cycling would be manifested at the population level if they ever came about, but the genuine (as opposed to the imaginary 'causes pollution and congestion, etc.') ill-effects are decidedly personal
https://upride.cc/incident/g6noope10zvf_vwaudi_veryclosepass/
Meanwhile, the police dimwits are thinking 'what's the problem?- I could easily cycle up that gap between the vehicle and the pavement'