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The smartphone app that allows public to submit evidence of speeding drivers: will it actually work?

Rod King, the director of road safety campaign 20’s Plenty For Us, says the Speedcam Anywhere app will be “transformational” and “will make a huge difference”

Our story earlier this week about a new smartphone app that uses AI to analyse video and enables users to report drivers suspected of speeding to the police for potential enforcement attracted a lot of comments, including from Rod King of the road safety campaign 20’s Plenty For Us, whose volunteers are trialling the app.

> New smartphone app to allow public to submit evidence of speeding drivers

Among the concerns raised about the Speedcam Anywhere app were whether police would have the desire, let alone the resources, to deal with such submissions, as well as whether there are evidential issues related to the footage captured. 

However, replying to road.cc readers in the comments to the original article, King said he believes the technology “will be transformational” and that he has “every confidence that it will make a huge difference” to road safety.

He said: “I think that it’s fair to say that the forces aren't expecting this. So don't expect systems to automatically accommodate the new technology.

“I am confident that it will be accepted, but we do have a very patchy set of constabularies on enforcement, especially ‘where people are’. There will be pioneer forces who will see the benefits and others who are still only migrating from Gatso [speed cameras].

“The point about uploading video and report is that the report saves analysing the video. But if challenged the video can be manually analysed also. It’s all a lot more straightforward than analysing most dashcam or headcam submissions.

“It will be transformational. But some forces may take longer to transform than others. I have every confidence that it will make a huge difference.”

We’ll be contacting the app’s developers for a response to a number of concerns raised by road.cc readers, as well as getting some thoughts on it from road safety professionals.

In the meantime, 20’s Plenty For Us director King gives more detail about the app and how it functions, which will hopefully answer a number of the questions raised in the comments. He has also highlighted that more information is available on the organisation’s website.

King said:

Most speed detection ‘devices’ use a function within the device to measure the speed of a vehicle. If it’s rad or laser, it involves measuring the speed by bouncing a wave off the oncoming vehicle and measuring the doppler effect produced because the vehicle is moving.

One issue with this is that you can rarely use the device in the path of the vehicle and therefore you do not measure the vehicle speed as it is reduced by the cosine from the sight line to the direction of travel. Because the device independently assesses the speed it needs calibration.

Speedcam Anywhere is different. It is not the smartphone that measures the speed. The app buffers a video image and when you press the shutter as a car is passing and centred on the screen it selects a video snip of the previous one second and next one second. This is then uploaded to the cloud together with GPS location. The server then:

  • Uses ANPR to look up the vehicle make, model and year;
  • Looks up the wheelbase (WB) of the vehicle;
  • Uses AI to analyse the video and locate the wheel centres;
  • Finds the still in the video clip where the front wheel passes a point on the road. Takes its time stamp (T1);
  • Finds the still in the video clip where the rear wheel passes the same point on the road. Takes its time stamp (T2);
  • Uses the simple physics calculation that v=s/t ie v= WB/(T2-T1);
  • Looks up the mapping to find the speed limit at that point;
  • Creates a two second video clip overlaid with the time stamps;
  • Creates an A4 report showing location, picture of vehicle, its details, location, speed and speed limit as well as time stamped stills used;
  • Sends a summary back to the app.

The app user is then able to download the report and video clip for upload to the police dashcam. Here police can (if they wish) examine the video to verify the speed of the vehicle.

Because the wheels always follow the direction of the vehicle the angle of approach does not matter. You can use the app with oncoming or departing cars as long as you can see the number plate. A line of sight with one edge of the image perpendicular to the road has been found to work best.

The requirement for a Home Office Type Approved device only exists for speeding convictions. It is an anomaly that presumes that the speed is measured on the device. Where it is a video, precedents have already been set whereby drivers have been prosecuted for careless or dangerous driving based on video evidence. This includes verifying speeding.

However, this does require expert analysis and often a measurement of road markings or scenery to provide a fixed distance to measure the travel time over. Speedcam Anywhere negates the need for this expert analysis by using AI and the wheelbase of the car as a fixed distance.

Section 59 Anti-Social Driving offence only requires reasonable grounds for believing that a motor vehicle is being used on any occasion in a manner which contravenes section 3 or section 34 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (careless and inconsiderate driving and prohibition of off-road driving) and is causing, or is likely to cause alarm, distress or annoyance to members of the public. Hence under "reasonable grounds" a Section 59 offence can be registered.

Speedcam Anywhere could gain Type Approval for the ‘process’ rather than the ‘device’. In which case police and members of the public may use it for enforcement of speeding offence directly.

This really does use a great combination of modern databases, smart analysis and AI to provide an accurate measurement of speed using a smartphone. It’s not only a great invention but also a huge step forward for enforcement. When driving in the future then, any pedestrian you see could be a Speedcam Anywhere pedestrian. Especially in urban and village settings drivers should be wary of blasting through those public places between buildings that we call streets. After all, 20 is Plenty where people are.

After obtaining a PhD, lecturing, and hosting a history podcast at Queen’s University Belfast, Ryan joined road.cc in December 2021 and since then has kept the site’s readers and listeners informed and enthralled (well at least occasionally) on news, the live blog, and the road.cc Podcast. After boarding a wrong bus at the world championships and ruining a good pair of jeans at the cyclocross, he now serves as road.cc’s senior news writer. Before his foray into cycling journalism, he wallowed in the equally pitiless world of academia, where he wrote a book about Victorian politics and droned on about cycling and bikes to classes of bored students (while taking every chance he could get to talk about cycling in print or on the radio). He can be found riding his bike very slowly around the narrow, scenic country lanes of Co. Down.

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46 comments

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wtjs replied to Adam Sutton | 2 years ago
2 likes

Its then down to the police force to decide what to do with it

Unfortunately, that's almost always going to be nothing. Of course, I don't know yet that this close pass at over 50 mph by Clio PE69 OOC is going to be yet another 'not in the public interest', but I'm pretty sure

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eburtthebike | 2 years ago
3 likes

This sounds promising, but it will take probably years to get approval and loophole lawyers will be rubbing their hands with glee.

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nosferatu1001 replied to eburtthebike | 2 years ago
0 likes

eburtthebike wrote:

This sounds promising, but it will take probably years to get approval and loophole lawyers will be rubbing their hands with glee.

you only need HO if you want a couple of advantages, namely introducing the evidence 

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IanMSpencer | 2 years ago
2 likes

The arbiter of this app will be the courts.

If a suitably high court accepts that the app is accurate then it will be useful but you can bet Mr Loophole will pull it apart.

The police are very constrained in their use of speed camera data - they have to show it has been calibrated, operated within the operational guidelines.

On Pepipoo, drivers have still got off by vehemently claiming the camera was wrong and producing pseudoscientific justifications that bamboozle magistrates who are basically members of the public.

So, I'm not really interested in developers claims - the police and CPS won't touch it with a bargepole because of their experience with speed cameras.

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IanMK replied to IanMSpencer | 2 years ago
1 like

It's different from a speed camera. It's calculating the speed from a video clip - IE the time taken to cover a certain distance. This can be independently verified if it was taken to court.
The trouble is that I'd like to think that if I caught/filmed a driver traveling at a speed significantly above the speed limit this would result in a prosecution regardless of whether I had the app. You can do the maths done by the app manually if you wanted. The truth is it won't. So why would anyone think that the app will be a game changer.
I think if I downloaded the app and submitted footage I would be even more disappointed with police attitudes to road safety than I am already.

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stonojnr replied to IanMK | 2 years ago
1 like

In theory yes it shouldn't need the app, unfortunately or predictably, it's a complete lottery whether your local police force pursue those as routine.

The app, or the report it produces might become a game changer in that it very clearly documents the data & cause for submission, which might result in the police accepting more reports in that way.

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IanMSpencer replied to IanMK | 2 years ago
2 likes

Regardless of technology, it is not up to the public, the police or the CPS,  as to whether this is acceptable; it is up to the courts. It would require a test case in the higher courts before you would get it accepted generally accepted. Therefore the CPS and the police are not going to be interested - not because they don't care, but because they have been beaten up in court so many times. Take mobile phones, the law was not fit for purpose, so you have blatant use of phones where the police don't pursue because of the loopholes - though I never understood why they didn't simpoy use the ham sandwich approach of driving without due care.

In addition, as soon as I see someone throwing AI into the sales pitch, I've switched off because either:

1) it is true AI and therefore nobody really knows how it works and are going to struggle to sell it to a court as a reliable and replicatable system.

2) It is not AI, just simple maths, but the maths isn't really simple as you need to show that the camera is still, what angle the car is moving relative to the camera (is it very far away or at a 45 degree angle?).

Anyway, the point is not that we believe the calculations are good enough, it is that a jury or magistrate believe the calculations are good enough after Mr Loophole has filled their heads with doubt. And even if it wins in one case, the varied circumstances of use mean that the next case could be thrown out because Mr Loophole comes up with a new set of doubts. The police won't take a video to court except in serious circumstances as they would need an expert witness to prove the veracity of the case.

But yes, I submitted a video of a car obviously doing around 50mph in a 30mph, and the response was that the speed could not be verified.

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lesterama | 2 years ago
0 likes

Road.cc: could you ask the developers about estimated accuracy in different conditions. Plenty of variables going on here.

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WiznaeMe | 2 years ago
4 likes

It would be interesting to know what the insurance companies would do if they were sent footage.

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Aberdeencyclist replied to WiznaeMe | 2 years ago
2 likes

As yet ? Probably nothing because they've never had this before .   How this app. will gain access to ANPR data isn't mentioned though I know you've to be legally authorised . Interesting .  What would insurers do with such clips? Their underwriting experience as far as illegal and inappropriate road behaviour goes is based on actual convictions and accidents experienced . They all realise that many if not most motorists break the law on speeding now and again , and underwriting-wise they generally don't get overly excited for basic low end speeding . In terms of filmed inappropriate driving , again as long as an accident doesn't occur there's little incentive to get involved unless it's patently wildly reckless . Jings, this could become like the film Minority Report .   All that said I can see a great use in road safety campaigning by giving better quality evidence for putting in speed limits or police intervention especially say at school crossings , traffic light running (where there's no red light camera) cycle misuse , general speeding thru rural limits and probably more . So many cars now are laden with digital technology ( gps, Speedo, radar type device for distance maintaining etc) , it can surely only be time before a 'black box' type device with cameras can or must be installed.   If we get driverless cars , there'll be cameras of sorts too.    

 

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mark1a replied to Aberdeencyclist | 2 years ago
9 likes

It doesn't "gain access to ANPR data", it "uses ANPR to look up vehicle make, model and year." This is publicly available from the DVLA. Can be used interactively via the gov.uk website (https://vehicleenquiry.service.gov.uk/) or be embedded into to applications via API (https://developer-portal.driver-vehicle-licensing.api.gov.uk/#dvla-api-d...).

So in summary, the app locates and reads the plate in the image (ANPR = automatic number plate recognition), and does a lookup against DVLA data to acquire the vehicle details. 

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Aberdeencyclist replied to mark1a | 2 years ago
0 likes

It gains ,acquires, gets - is all the same. I'm fully acquainted with the public available data such as Ask MID etc  , wasn't aware you could get access via the ANPR system , things move on and I'm happily retired and cycling.  Vehicle details in full rather than just the reg.no. Is a good idea given the amt. of false plates that seem about . Thanks for the update . 

 

 

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mdavidford replied to Aberdeencyclist | 2 years ago
4 likes

Aberdeencyclist wrote:

It gains ,acquires, gets - is all the same.

I think the point is that it doesn't need to gain, acquire, or get access to any other system. It can have its own implementation of ANPR (which is basically just to say that it identifies the area of the numberplate and performs optical character recognition on it to determine the characters). There isn't a single, monolithic 'ANPR system' that it needs to use.

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lonpfrb replied to mdavidford | 2 years ago
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mdavidford wrote:

I think the point is that it doesn't need to gain, acquire, or get access to any other system. It can have its own implementation of ANPR (which is basically just to say that it identifies the area of the numberplate and performs optical character recognition on it to determine the characters).

optical character recognition (OCR) is a solved problem since most corporates don't want to actually process Invoices by hand where an application can recognise the text and be trained to know where the key data are on each suppliers documents. The AI comes in on the training to reduce the initial effort and accept new supplier or changed formats.

Number plates are a significantly easier problem given the standards that apply, though some transformation for perspective is a possible AI use case.

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mdavidford replied to lonpfrb | 2 years ago
3 likes

We weren't talking about AI, though - we were talking about the ANPR aspect. This is just plate detection and OCR which, as you say, there are plenty of solutions for - you just need to implement one of them. The point was that you don't need to seek privileged access to some official system.

From the description given, it sounds as though the primary use for AI that's being suggested is in determining what part of the image is a wheel and where it's centre is.

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nosferatu1001 replied to mdavidford | 2 years ago
1 like

Yep, which is basic machine learning. (spot a wheel) And is easily verifiable 

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