The Metropolitan Police have released a video that they claim shows comparative stopping distances between a police mountain bike equipped with front and rear brakes, and one with no brakes at all.
The video was made public alongside a press release issued yesterday following the conclusion of the trial at the Old Bailey of cyclist Charlie Alliston.
But it raises a number of questions about the methodology used by the Met to conduct their stopping distance tests.
• Was the police rider an experienced fixed gear cyclist? A number of those who have watched the police video suggest the rider in the video does not appear to be experienced at riding that type of bike.
• Did the police test Alliston's bike with and without a front brake to find out what the exact difference in stopping distances would have been?
• Did they test another rim braked bike with thinner road tyres? The police bike is heavier and has fatter tyres which should help it stop in a shorter distance than a lighter bike with thinner tyres.
• Did the police perform multiple runs to establish an average stopping distance?
Alliston, aged 20 and from Bermondsey, was acquitted yesterday of the manslaughter of 44-year-old Kim Briggs, who died from head injuries sustained as the pair collided on London’s Old Street.
However, he was found guilty of causing bodily harm by wanton and furious cycling, and could face jail when he is sentenced next month, with the offence carrying a maximum penalty of two years’ imprisonment.
> Charlie Alliston cleared of manslaughter of Kim Briggs but convicted of wanton and furious driving
It is unclear whether the video released by the Metropolitan Police is the same as one shown to a jury at the trial last week, and we are seeking clarification on that issue and the others raised above. As at the time of publication of this article, we had not received a reply.
During the trial, the Crown did not dispute that Mrs Briggs had stepped out into the road in front of Alliston.
Instead, one of the central pillars of their case was that his bike – a fixed-wheel Planet X track model – did not have a front brake.
Not only did that mean it was not legal for use on the road, but it was argued that if it had been equipped with one, he may have been able to stop in time, or at least that the collision, during which their heads clashed, would have been less severe.
While Alliston was described in court as a former courier – more recently, he has been working as a scaffolder – it is unclear how experienced or skilled he was at riding a fixed-gear bike, although it appears he had been doing so for at least a year before the fatal collision.
Caspar Hughes, who is on the co-ordinating group of campaign organisation Stop Killing Cyclists, told road.cc: “If Charlie Alliston had a front brake Kim Briggs might still have been here regardless of whether she looked before she walked out or not.
“But this terrible case highlights the double standards in how the national press report fatalities by drivers compared to people riding bikes.”
Hughes is a highly experienced fixed-wheel bike rider. He spent a decade as a cycle courier in London, before founding roller racing business Rollapaluza, which celebrates its tenth birthday this week.
We asked him his opinion of the distance it took the second cyclist to stop in the video.
He said: “It is hard to gauge how experienced the rider in the police video is at bringing his bike to a dead stop, but I know I can bring my bike to a halt much quicker than he did using nothing but the drive train.”
Evidence presented by the police at the trial suggested that Alliston had been riding at 18mph and was 6.53 metres from Mrs Briggs when she stepped into the road.
It was claimed that his braking distance was 12 metres but would have been 3 metres had his bike had a front brake fitted – something that Martin Porter QC, writing in the Guardian Bike Blog, said “is frankly absurd.”
Porter, a club cyclist and cycling advocate who has represented cyclists and their families in a number of cases, said that based on a formula in the book Bicycling Science by MIT emeritus professor David Wilson, the stopping distances here would have been 13.5 metres with no front brake, and 6.5 metres if one were fitted.
It’s worth noting, though, that in the police video, the first bike is indeed shown stopping after 3 metres, albeit from a slower speed of 15mph, and it is a different kind of bike to the one Alliston was riding and has two brakes.
Porter also made the point, as others have done, that the braking distance for a car being driven at 20mph – the location where the crash happened – is 12 metres, according to the Highway Code, and that in those circumstances, as well as in this case, reaction time also needed to be factored in.
> Husband of woman killed by cyclist calls for changes to law on dangerous cycling
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Not sure many would argue that, I cover more with a kid out of a buggy etc. However, you can't always predict the unpredictable. The main points being raised are why this bloke is being treated so differently to a car driver and wtf were the police trying to do with their 'evidence' on stopping distances.
What would help our understanding would be if the journalists who attended day 1 in court, had also reported on the next 4 days, until the jury was sent out. We're missing a lot of information from the trial and have no idea how the defence was conducted.
When in Dallas a few years back, I went to the book depository to test if a sniper could have shot JFK from there by dropping a load of napalm on the street below.
Alliston was riding a bike that was illegal to use on the road.
He (unintentionally) killed someone whilst using illegal machine.
Car driver (unintentionally) kills someone whilst using an illegal machine.
Both should expect jail time the length of which is up to the judge and the sentencing guidelines.
That test is ridiculous and surely cant be the basis of a safe prosecution.
And while they're at it, what about an MOT for horses and careless walking being an offence.
It gets worse. Look at this nonsense from a BBC interviewee.
Mr Lane, who rides a fixie himself with a front brake, suggested that bikes should have to be regularly serviced and checked, much like the MOT system for cars.
Fuck that. MOT for bikes!! Imagine your local spanner monkey at halfords failing your bike for excessive dirt on running gear and requiring you to buy a new chain.
I think you're missing what an MOT is about. It's about testing to see if the vehicle is safe to be on the road, not whether it's running properly or even if it's correctly maintained (other being kept to a level of being safe).
You could go years without getting your car serviced and it might still pass the MOTs.
Therefore you could go years without replacing things like your chain on your bike or lubing/cleaning it correctly, but it could still be deemed safe if all the rights bits are tight, it has two working brakes and the tyres are pumped up (any bike MOT would be a bit more than that, but you get the idea).
Also, the thing with an MOT is that its a nationally defined test with clear guidelines, unlike the building/checking of a bike at your local shop (halfords or otherwise). Before anyone jumps on this, yes I know many mechanics are cytech certified - myself included - and that there are documentented approaches, but the point is they are not mandatory and applied rigorously.
In some ways an MOT for bikes is good idea, but the problem is that it will likely put many people off cycling, much like making helmets compulsary would.
I'm not surprised that the bloke from LMNH is backing the bike MOT though - don't they have repair/servicing workshops? It'd be a nice little additional money spinner.
I think that you are over estimating how effective MOT's are for motor vehicles. Certain areas are pretty good, but others not so much. There are lots of people in to car modification who put things back to how they should be for the MOT, then revert to the modified state as soon as they get their certificate. Even relatively normal enthusiasts of some top end manufacturers do things to their vehicles e.g. to improve the sound (temporary mod's to exhaust systems) or performance (plug in ECU box things) which would make a vehicle fail an MOT if left in the modified state.
If a similar test was introduced for bikes, they are even easier to mess around with. There would be nothing to stop your man in this instance from sticking a front brake on to the bike for an hour, then removing it as soon as it was certified. It would only take about 5-10 min's.
Any half competent person should be able to check that they have two brakes and inflated tyres. Now unless this proposed MOT has carbon frame X-raying thrown in for less than £50 I'm dead against it.
Next: Timpson's call for compulsory shoe-inspections for pedestrians.
As far as I understand it Charlie Alliston was riding a bike which did not have a front brake, which is illegal to use on the open road.
At the time of the incident it is said he was doing 18 mph.
He collided with Kim Briggs, who had walked out into the road without seeing him. He tried to slow or stop his bike and avoid the individual, yelling at the Kim. Unavoidably they collided, and in the resulting collision Kim hit her head badly and died from this injury.
Sadly, we don't know if having a front brake would have changed the outcome for Kim.
Alliston's personal lack of contrition has made him look very callous in all of this - and his attitude in not accepting blame for this tragic accident has made him a pariah.
But if his crime is being in a fatal accident and having a vehicle that was not road worthy a lot more motorists should consider themselves lucky.
good summary - maybe could be modifed to "reported personal lack of contrition" - in view of their past record, why should we give the MSM the benefit of doubt over their accuracy of reporting of the emotional aspects?
A Bugatti Veyron stops more quickly than a Renault Clio from the same speed. I think we should ban all cars that fall below this standard.
Well done MET. They really are making quite a significant rod for the motorists back aren't they...
The video is not a good or fair comparison.
I don't really think it matters in this case though.
He had time to shout twice, therefore he had time to brake.
It is obvious that he would have been able to reduce his speed far more quickly with a front brake in situ.
Reduced speed would have made the collision less likely and even if it still occurred it would have involved less energy reducing the likelihood of serious injury.
he DID brake, from approx 18mph to approx 10mph (A speed given by the prosecution as within the range of speed upon impact), a speed that you would know is a dawdle and as per pretty much everyone else would be fine to go around someone fart arsing about in the road.
Do you brake to a complete stop as fast as you can possibly manage (Which is what the prosecution are saying you should do to avoid such) at the mere sight of someone potentially going to cross the road or is in the process of crossing the road, either in car or on bike when a fair few metres away? 99.99999% of all situations for all types of road user that would be an absolute no.
he had two lots of thinking to do, the first when he first acknowledged the hazard and braked, that takes up 1.5seconds thinking time for the unexpected situation plus a bit for mechanical action time.
When the deceased failed to get her shit together and cross in a normal fashion as would be expected he would have had yet another set of decisions to make (another 1.5s thinking time for the unexpected step back into him). At this point that is the 3.8sec from her stepping out and thus he had no time to brake further because at 10mph (A slow speed remember, she moves back into him).
Therefore unless you ask every single road user to come to a complete stop every time someone makes a move toward a crossing or a motor, cycle, equine, invalid carriage etc comes to a junction, rounabout you have priority just in case they do the unexpected, then you cannot find the convicted rider of a slow moving bicycle guilty of wanton and furious riding because the law/justice system will not instist on the exact same set of values/responsibilities/actions for all those groups in any given scenario.
We know this already because those rules have being breached time and time and time again with the death of pedestrians and people on bikes by motorists with naught but a slap on the wrist if even any case to answer.
The point is that once the decision was made to brake he was not able to reduce his speed as effectively without a front brake.
That is undeniable.
Pedestrians do unpredictable things, you've previously advocated for motorists remaining vigilant in case of people unexpectedly entering the road.
How is this case any different?
If you're in an area with a lot of pedestrians reduce your speed and cover your brakes, it's just common sense.
So slowing down to 10mph (admitted by prosecution) and diverting around the hazard is not being careful/vigilant in any ordinary circumstance? comparing to the actions of motorists in this instance is total and utter cobblers, motorists rarely show such consideration by comparison and still get off scott free.
As i said, would you yourself come to a complete halt as immediately as is physically possible (or even less than is pyhsically possible going by the prosecutions ridiculous/spurious claims) when a pedestrian is seemingly going to cross the road or does cross in front of you some distance away?
Well, do you, if not, why not? I don't need you to answer because I know full well that that would rarely if ever happen in the same circumstances that the convicted faced, I include myself and everyone else in that.
You can't call for stricter sentencing when motorists kill vulnerable road users and not apply the same standards when cyclists do.
That's hypocrisy.
I would like to see manslaughter charges brought against motorists in similar situations.
The cyclist in this case took reasonable action once the lady stepped in front of him but those actions were insufficient to avoid a collision.
If he had even riding a legal bicycle his braking would have been superior and he could either have avoided the collision or it would have occurred at a much lower speed reducing the likelihood of harm.
I will reduce my speed quite substantially if there are pedestrians in the road ahead, I also keep an eye on the pavement for any pedestrians who look like they may be about to step out.
Will that prevent all collisions? Obviously not but if a collision does occur I will be able to say that I took all reasonable steps to avoid it.
The cyclist in this case could not do that due to the simple fact he was riding an illegal bicycle.
This, and if Alliston has to do time in order to achieve it, I won't lose any sleep. The prosecution has given us the tools to do it. I would want this prosecution team in my corner if I were to be hit by a motorised vehicle.
Is it?
When a cyclist and pedestrian collide, and someone dies - what percentage of those who die are pedestrians and what percentage are cyclists. I know of two recent case where a cyclist and a pedestrian and who stepped into the road have collided, in one case (this case) the pedestrian died, in the other, it was the cyclist.
When a motorist and pedestrian collide, what percentage of motorists die?
How many pedestrians die from a slip/trip/fall without colliding with anyone?
I try to be a cautious as is practical when cycling around pedestrians, but primarily for my own safety as I know that I stand a good chance of coming off worse from any collision. When I drive, I primarily drive safely to avoid injury to others.
Operating a motor vehicle caries much less risk to the driver, which is why they have much greater responsibility.
Yes it is.
If you drive a defective car you're putting both yourself and other road users in danger.
Ditto for a defective bike.
A defective bike may not be as dangerous as a defective car but it can still be fatal.
That is the crux of the matter, a man rode an illegal bike and a lady died in a collision with that bike.
Had the bike been legal the collision would have either not occurred or occurred at much lower speed reducing the likelihood of injury.
I assume "a car being driven at 20mph – the location where the crash happened" should be "a car being driven at 20mph – the speed limit at the location where the crash happened".
(On the one hand, it's a limit not a target. On the other hand, many drivers complain about 20mph limits being too low, while also complaining that a cyclist doing 20mph (or less, like Alliston) is far too fast.)
Wow where are all the boasters about road rim brakrs that we usually find in the technical threads?
So let's clear out things in braking:
2 wheels braking>front wheel only>rear wheel only
fresh tires>old tires
fat tires>skinny tires
slick tires>threaded tires
hydraulic disks>disks>v-brakes>calipers>rear wheel skid (unless you have the thighs of Sir Hoy)
Please finally accept the above if you haven't so already, because flat earthers exist everywhere.
You're wrong on two brakes being better than front alone. There is hard science behind this.
Yes I know, you know, in laboratory conditions with grippy tarmac, a good rider but who is simultaneously too bored to shift his weight behind the saddle, yes indeed you may equal braking distances with no rear saddle. But there is rain, slippery tarmac, skinny tires, people who don't have integrated brake assist in their hands like cars do, people who can shift their weight while braking and of course curves. So in real world conditions a rear brake is needed.
Don't be fooled though about my intentions, it is extremely idiotic to ride brakeless bike, in my opinion a bike with poor caliper brakes with worn skinny tires too, but city speed limits work in another way. Their concept is not that they are low so that drivers and riders may manage to stop, but so that when the inevitable collision happens, the pedestrian victims may survive. It is idiotic too trying to prove that in panic situation a rider can stop in 3m even more when we are talking about a bike/rider combo with minimal mass and therefore damage he may cause. Simply the victim was very very unlucky just like the people struck by lighting, eaten by a shark and so on.
Only if you're capable of doing a stoppie with the rear wheel 100% unweighted, but not quite going over the handlebars.
Two brakes are also better than a front alone if your front brake ever fails, which is why the law requires two separate systems in the first place:
http://www.cyclingweekly.com/news/latest-news/manchester-cyclist-hits-bu...
If you can't do a stoppie, then your front brake (or tyre) is essentially defective. If you maximise braking through the front wheel then the rear becomes irrelevant.
Been there, done that, still wasn't enough to avoid hitting a car that pulled out about 6.53m in front of me while I was going 18mph.
Absolutely agree on needing two brakes - but the rear is your backup for a defective front, or for when you are unable to maintain traction with your front wheel (e.g. rough surfaces). If you can't do a stoppie with an unweighted rear withut going over the bars, you either need to practice or fix your front brakes.
The late Sheldon Brown, though he was not always infallible, was on the money with his write up here:
https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brakturn.html
No question the video looks a bit crap
However, the first bike is not a mountain bike, it's a fixie with flat bars. It might have wider tyres but we have no idea.
The rider doesn't look like a complete novice, but probably not that experienced (a novice would have been crapping themselves if my experience of riding a fixie is anything to go by). However, who's to say that everyone on a fixie knows how to/has ability to lock the rear wheel, and in any case, as any self respecting kid will tell you, locking the rear wheel doesn't help you slow down particularly quickly - all it does it give you a massive skid.
In the video thinking distance is not considered, but it may have been during the court procedings.
We have no idea if this was challenged in court or not - hopefully it was but in my view riding without a front brake is stupid and therefore no surprise that they prosecuted him.
Regardless of all that, if the the media reports are at least partially based on fact, the guys attitude probably hasn't helped matters, and may have played a big part in the reason for the conviction.
Ultimately though we can type whatever we like but it's all pretty meaningless, as without the court transcripts, we don't really have a clue what's gone down.
If that was used in evidence against me I would be laughing all the way to freedom. The Met should be ashamed that they put that video out.
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